The Denisovans were an nonextant species of human that live alongsideHomo sapiensin Eurasia during piece of the Lower Paleolithic ( 3.3 million old age ago until 300,000 old age ago ) and Middle Paleolithic ( 300,000 years ago until 50,000 years ago ) . Do n’t be dupe , this prehistoric species was not a knuckle - dragging , slow - witted “ troglodyte ” that was outsmart by its superscript congeneric , Homo sapiens . They likely stood vertical , were keenly healthy , made tools , and even beautify themselves with beautiful work of jewelry .
Together with the Neanderthals , they are our closest out relation . They are so nearly related to us , in fact , the DNA of Denisovans isstill foundin certain populationsaround the populace . This is a answer of the interbreeding that occurred betweenHomo sapiensand Denisovans ( asimilar thingalso happened through our fertile kanoodling with Neanderthals ) .
When did Denisovans go extinct?
It ’s surd to put a particular date on the extinction of Denisovans , but some studies suggest some populations might have survive until as late as 20,000 twelvemonth ago . By comparison , most scientists agree that Neanderthals became nonextant around 40,000 years ago .
What are Denisovans?
The lineage of antediluvian hominins isnotoriously patchyand foggy , but there are a few ideas about how Denisovans match into the family tree . It ’s thought that Neanderthals , Denisovans , and modern humans are all descended from a common ancestor ofHomo heidelbergensis , which survive around 600,000 to 750,000 years ago .
One theoryis that an patrimonial grouping ofH. heidelbergensisleft Africa and split into two major bands shortly after . One branch migrated to West Asia and Europe to become the Neanderthals , while the other branch move eastwards and became Denisovans . The antecedent ofH. heidelbergensisthat remained in Africa eventually gave rise to modern humans .
Evidence of Denisovans
Remarkably , this “ babe species ” was only identify in the 21st century and there is currently very little forcible grounds of them .
The discovery came in 2010 when researchers recoup a finger’s breadth ivory in theDenisova Caveup in the hills of the Bashelaksky Range of the Altai mountains in southerly Russia . Based onDNAanalysis , they realized this os belonged to a unseasoned female person of a previously unsung species of hominin which would become known as Denisovans .
Since the 2010 discovery , fossils of five Denisovan individuals have been name in Denisova Cave , as well as asingle specimenfrom the Baishiya Karst Cave on the Tibetan Plateau .
Teeth of Denisovans found at the Denisova Cave.Image credit: Nature Communications
Another fascinating passage in the story of Denisova Cave fall in 2018 with the find of a 40,000 - year - honest-to-god bone fragment . unco , it contained DNA that proved it belong to ahybrid femalethat had a Neanderthal mother and a Denisovan father . This noteworthy teenaged girl is get it on as " Denny ” .
What did Denisovans look like?
Given this light physical evidence , we do n’t know much about their anatomic appearance . However , their firm similarities with Neanderthals and innovative human evoke they perhaps bet alot like us .
A 2019 study used Denisovan DNA to build a picture of their facial features . They identified 56 anatomical features that would have take issue from those of forward-looking humankind and/or Neanderthals , 34 of which strike the skull . Notably , they concluded that Denisovans likely had the widest face of the three hominins .
However , as you may see in the range of a function , we can assume they most likely had a spectacular resemblance to modern - day humans .
