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Sarah Yangis a public information military officer at the University of California , Berkeley . This article was adapted from apieceon the Berkeley site . Shecontributed this article to LiveScience’sExpert Voices : Op - Ed & Insights .
Some may think of Turkey as good for just lunch meat and vacation meal , but bioengineers at the University of California , Berkeley ( UC Berkeley ) saw inspiration in the birds for a unexampled case of biosensor that change color when endanger to chemical vapors . This characteristic make the sensor valuable detector of toxins or airborne pathogen .
The material properties and coloring of turkey waddles inspired Berkeley engineers to design a new type of chemical sensor.
Turkeyskin , it turns out , can careen from red-faced to patrician to white , thanks to sheaf of collagen that are interspersed with a dense array of blood vessels . It is this color - shift machine characteristic that give turkeys the name " seven - faced birds " in Korean and Japanese .
The researchers said that the spacing between the collagen fibers changes when the ancestry vessel dandy or contract , look on whether the bird is excited or angry . The amount of swelling changes the means light waves are scattered and , in turning , alters the colors people see on the bird ’s foreland .
Seung - Wuk Lee , UC Berkeley associate degree prof of biotechnology , led a research team in mime this colour - changing ability to create biosensors that can detect volatile chemicals .
The material properties and coloring of turkey waddles inspired Berkeley engineers to design a new type of chemical sensor.
" In our science laboratory , we study how light is return and changes in nature , and then we expend what we see to engineer novel devices , " read Lee , who is also a mental faculty scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory .
The researchers created a fluid app , the iColour Analyser , to show that a smartphone photo of the detector ’s color bands could be used to help place chemical of interest , such as vapor of the explosive TNT . They described their experiments in a study published today ( Jan. 21 ) in the journalNature Communications .
Sensors that give off semblance readings are easier to use and say than conventional biosensors . However , the major color - found sensors in growing elsewhere can only detect a special range ofchemicalsand , the researchers sound out , can be very difficult to invent .
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" Our system is convenient , and it is cheesy to make , " Lee enounce . " We also showed that this technology can be adapted so that smartphones can help canvass the colour fingermark of the target area chemical . In the future , we could potentially use this same applied science to make a intimation test to detect cancer and other disease . "
In copying this turkey - skin design , Lee and his squad employeda techniqueto mimic nanostructures like collagen fibers . The researchers found a way to get M13 phage , benign virus with a figure that closely resemble collagen roughage , to self - tack together into patterns that could be well all right - tune up .
The researchers chance that , like collagen fibers , these phage - wad nanostructures enlarge and contracted , resulting in color modification . The precise chemical mechanism behind the shrinking or expanding bacteriophage bundles is still undecipherable , but it ’s possible that the minuscule amount of water in the bacteriophage is reacting to the chemical substance vaporisation , the researchers say .
Berkeley engineers developed bio-inspired sensors made from bacteriophages (bacteria-targeting viruses) that mimic the collagen fibers in turkey skin. When exposed to target chemicals, the collagen-like bundles expand or contract, generating different colors. The researchers also created a mobile app to help analyze the sensor’s color bands.
The Meleagris gallopavo - inspired biosensors were exposed to a range of volatile organic compounds , including hexane , isopropyl alcohol and wood spirit , as well as TNT , at concentration of 300 parts per billion . The researchers find out that the virus puff up rapidly , resulting in specific color pattern that served as " fingerprints " to separate the different chemicals tested . [ San Diego Zoo Opens Center for Animal - invigorate Tech ]
The research worker show that they could coax the biosensor to better find TNT by genetically engineering the DNA in the M13 phage to bind with sites specific to TNT . The researcher then unwrap the biosensor to two extra chemicals , DNT and MNT , which have interchangeable molecular structures to that of TNT . The direct biosensor successfully distinguish TNT from the other chemical substance with distinct color bands .
The biosensors were also able to point change in relative humidity , range from 20 percent to 90 percent , becoming red with moister air and bluer with siccative melodic phrase .
The subject field lead generator is Jin - Woo Oh , a former postdoctoral investigator in Lee ’s lab and now an assistant professor in the Department of Nanomaterial Engineeringat Pusan National University in South Korea .
The National Science Foundation ; the Defense Acquisition Program Administration and Agency for Defense Development in South Korea ; Korea ’s Ministry of Education , Science and Technology ; and Samsung help support this work .
The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily mull the views of the publisher . This adaptation of the article was originally publish onLiveScience .
